T=5: Taxine alkaloids (taxine A, B) LD₅₀ 3-6.5 mg/kg (pure alkaloid), plant tissue 0.5-2% taxines. 50-100g needles potentially fatal adult. Mechanism: Na⁺/Ca²⁺ channel blockade → cardiac arrest 30 min-3h. Deaths documented Europe <10 years (suicides UK/France, accidental livestock). All plant parts toxic except red aril (seed inside highly toxic). Sources: Wilson CR 2001, Krenzelok 2011, UK National Poisons Information Service 2016-2023.
A=5: Lethal all mammals <50g. Horses extremely sensitive (100-200g fatal), cattle (0.5-1kg), dogs (30-50g), cats (smaller doses). Sudden death <24h, often <6h. No species resistance. Sources: Burrows 2013, Knight 2003, ASPCA 2023.
I=0: Native European species (including Luxembourg). Slow-growing, shade-tolerant. No invasive behavior, stable populations. Ecological role: native forest understory, wildlife habitat. Sources: GBIF Luxembourg, Euro+Med PlantBase.
FXT: Cardiac arrest documented <3h. CHD: Red arils highly attractive children (sweet, edible aril BUT seed inside extremely toxic), needles accessible. Pediatric ingestions frequent. CLN: Criterion B met (deaths documented <10y Europe). Criterion A verification recommended (poison centers data). Sources: UK NPIS, EAPCCT abstracts.
Exposure: Urban common (ornamental hedges, gardens, cemeteries, topiary), contact medium (attractive berries, less frequent needle contact). EF=1.0+1.5(urban common)+0.3(contact medium)=2.8 → Corrected EF=2.8 → Risk=32.2 → Corrected Priority: P3 MEDIUM. Warning MODERATE (T=5≥2 + EF=2.8≥2.0).